blair



No. 6l6,l87. Patented Dec. 20, I898. L. D. HOBSON &. H. E. BLAIR.

w EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed. Nov. 1, 1897.| (No Model.)

UNITED STATES PAT NT @FFICE.

LOUIS D. llOBSON AND HERMAN E. BLAIR, OF CINCINNATI, Olll" EVAPdRATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 616,187, dated December 20, 1898.

Application filed November 1, 1897. Serial No. 667,024. (No model.)

part of this application and in which similarletters of reference indicate corresponding parts, Figure l is a view, partly in side elevation and partly in vertical central section, of an apparatusillustratingour-invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus.

The primary object of our invention is to economize heat employed inthe evaporation of the liquid of the brine, and we accomplish this by the utilization of theheat which would otherwise be wasted.

We accomplish our object by our invention, which is as follows:

A indicates the vessel in which the evaporation of the water or liquid from the salt brine is effected. v This vessel has a bottom inclined, preferably, from all sides downward toward the center, and there at its lowest point is provided with a large exit-pipe A having a valve A, which latter controls the passage of salt, &c., through this pipe A. To facilitate this evaporation and cause the same to take place rapidly, we provide a series or coil of pipes B, which we locate in the vessel A below the height at which the liquid is maintained in said vessel. We transmit steam through this pipe. \Ve provide this heatingpipe B with a valve B outside of the entrance of the pi pc into the vessel A, and we also provide this pipe 1; with a valve 15 outside of the point where the pipe leaves the vessel. Thus the amount of steam to enter the pipe is regulated by the valve 13, and the steam and any condensation of water in the pipe are held back in the pipe, as desired, by the valve B In the ordinary process of evaporating brine the vapor therefrom is allowed to pass into the open air and'disappears therein. When the vessel is an open one, the vapor passes directly into the open air above; but where the vessel is closed the vapor passes out through the free end of an escape or exit pipe G into the open air.

In our invention the vesselA is closed, and we provide an exit-pipe C and connect it to the upper part of the vessel A, but we do not allow the vapors therefrom to pass into the op n air. ,On the contrary, we employ the heat of these vapors and the air which we introduce purposely therewith to heat the brine preparatory to introducing it into the'vessel A and also to heat the air, whichnweintroobvious. To the aforementioned ends we provide a drum or heater containing a case or cylinder D containing numerous parallel pipes or flues D At each end of the cylinder D is a chamber, one of which is indicated by the character D and the other by D These chambers are formed by diaphragms D extending across the cylinder as does a head and separating the space on one side of the diaphragm from that on the other side. The ends of the tubes or fines 1) are at their respective ends connected to perforations in these diaphragms after the manner of a tubular boiler, and thus establish communication between the chamber D and the chamber D Between the diaphragms l) is formed a long chamber 1), whose areais to an extent occupied by these fines. "We establish communication between this charm her and the vapor, &c., area of the vessel A, and ,we do this by connecting what would otherwise be the free end of the exit-pipe O with this chamber D". To the other end of this chamber we connect an exit-pipe E. In order to establish a definite and reliable and uniform circulation as desired of vapor, &c., from the vessel A into and through the chamber D and thence out of the same by way of an exit, as E, we connect the chamber D with an air-pump F by means of an ainpipe F and we connect the chamber D with the vaporsp'ace of the vessel A by means of a conduit G. enters the vessel A is preferably for obtain- .ing the most advantageous results locatedat a point farthest from where the conduit-tube O is connected to the vessel A. Thus air en The place where this conduit G duce'into vesseiA fora purpose hereinafter llO toring from conduit G is compelled to travel across the chamber before entering the tube Q. When the blower is started, the waste heat from the vapor and air passed through exit-pipe C and filling the chamber D and surrounding the tubes D heats them, and consequently have given off much of their heat before passing out through exit-pipe E.

These heated pipes D -communicate their heat to the air passing from the blower through them, and thusthe heat in vessel A is increased by the heat thus introduced. This fact, will be the better appreciated when we state, as. we now do, that by accurate tests to that of vessel A, and in the lowest point thereof is an exit or delivery ipe conduit J controlled by a valve'J in the process of evaporating the brine a .certain amount of salt will be deposited in ..the vessel J, and this will at proper intervals .of time bewithdrawn through the conduit J The top of th e worm is below the line where the upper surface of the liquid in the, vessel J is maintained. This liquid is brine.

Aconduit-pipe K has its inlet or mouth in the upper part of vessel J below the level where the brine reaches and has its outlet and connected to the lower portion of vessel heat, and then in a comparatively cold condition pass out into the waste exit-pipe H.

In case the vessel J be located an altitude above the vessel A the brine from vesse'l J can be conducted to vessel A by means of'gravity'and the pump L bedispensed'with.

In such event the branch pipe K unless employed as a siphon, will take the course indicated by dotted lines K and a controllingvalve will take the place of the pump.

A summary of the entire process is as follows: Both of the vessels A and J are filled with brine to their regulation height. Steam is then admitted to the heating-coil B. The

blower F and the pump L are started. The

steam in the coil gradually heats the brine A to the boiling-point. in the meantime the air. introduced by the blower F through the pipe G comes in contact with the vapor rising from the brine. This air also itself absorbs a certain amount of the liquid of the brine in the vessel, and thus it moves, carrying whatever liquid it has itself taken up and blowing along with it the vapors it cannot thus absorb, andpntering the drum. To the-latter by contact is imparted much of the heat present in the vapor and air, and the temperature of the drum is raised. The fresh air entering and passing through the drum D is consequently raised in temperature and carries this heat into the vessel A. Meantime the air carries the vapor not condensed in the drum on into vessel J and through the coil H. There it gives off its remaining extra heat and issues from the waste exitpipe H Thetemperature of the brine in vessel J is thus raised. As the liquid of vessel A decreases in bulk by reason of evaporation the-deficiency thus occurringis suppliedfrom the vessel J, the warm brine in the latter being supplied so as to keep the vessel A full ,to the regulated height. these various processes are continued the temperature of thedrum rises and so does that of the brine in vessel J until all parts are as-hot as their maximum working capacity will permit. As fast as the salt forms in sufficient quantities in the lower portion of vessel A it is withdrawn.

VJ here a steam-engine is employed to opcrate the blower and pump, (when latteris present,) we preferably utilise the waste steam' from the engine bypassing it through the piping B of vessel A and so far as obtainable waste steam is desirable for heating this piping. 7

While the drum or heater is preferably of the description shown, it may be of other constructions, so long as it performs the function of utilizing 'the waste heat of the vapor and air from the vessel A.

Of course that feature of our invention which consists of the drum and blower and theirconuections and their combination with vessel A may he used without the wormll, &c., of vessel J, and the worm H might be used Without the d rum and blower, being connected directly to the vessel; but such an omission would largely reduce the advantages of our invention, which primarily includes all of the apparatus, combined substantially aswe have shown and described it.

What we claim as new and of our inven- I tiou, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of the brine-evaporat-' lug vessel, and steam-piping therein, and a vapor and gas exit pipe 0, and an air-inlet pipe G and an air-drum or air-heater D, having tubes, and connected to the pipes C and G, so located that both pipes C and G enter the vessel A in plane's above where the surface of the liquid therein is maintained, and

- a blower connected to the air-heater, substam ingout from-vessel A in its vapors andgas through the outlet-pipe C, such heat being out of the air-heater through exit-pipe E, sub- 'stantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. The combinationof the brinecvaporat "ing vessehandsteam-piping therein, and a vapor and gas exit pipe 0, and an air-inlet pipe G and an air-drum or air-heater D, having tubes, and connected to the pipes O and G, so located that both pipes. O and G enter the vessel A- in planes above where the surface of the liquid therein is maintained, and

i tially as described, and an exit-pipe E from the heater, alladapted for enablin g the blower to carry air through? the air-heater to the evaporating vessel A and thereby reconvey to vessel A and its contents the heat passing out from vessel A in itsvaporsv iand 'gas through the outlet-pipe C, such heat being communicated to the air-heater and said air from the blower as it passes through the airheater, and before said vapors and gas pass out of the air-heater, through exit-pipe E, and a brine 'vessel J, having a conduit of piping through it, this piping being connected to the exit-pipeE,=fromtheheatewandnfeans" for conveying'the brine from vessel J to vessel A, substantially as and for the purposes specified. Y

8. The combination of the vessel A, having interior steam-piping, and having the air-inlet pipe G, and the vapor and air exit pipe 0, and the drumor heater D, having d iaphragm's D and end chambersD, D, and tubes from diaphragm to diaphragm, and the chamber 1) between the diaphragm, into which conduit 0 enters, the blower,,and tube 1:? connecting the blower and chamber D, chamber D being connected to pipe G, andtheexit-pipe E from chamber D, and a vessel J, having the being connected to the inlet of pipe H and a sel A,substantially as and for the purposes specified. p

4. The combination of the vesselA having interior steam-piping, and having the air-in- ,lot-pipe G and the vapor and airex'it pipe 0, and the drum or heater D, having iaphragms D and end chambers D, D, aniigtubesfrom diaphragm to diaphragm, and the hamber D between the diaphragm, into which the conduit Centers, the blower, and tube F connecting the blower and chamber D chamber D being-connected to pipe G, and the exitpipe E from chamberD, and avesselJ, having the piping H, connected to the outlet of a conduit from the upper portion of the brinechamber J to the lower portion of vessel A, and a pump L in said conduit, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. The combination of the brine-evaporating vessel, and steam -piping therein, and vainlet pipe G thereto both conduits C and G N. G. ALBACH, WM. R. LAUDMEIER.

conduit from the brine-chamberJ to the ves-' pipe E, and itself provided with exit H, and

por and gas exit pipe 0 therefrom, and an airbeing connected to-the upper portion of the. vessel, and an air-heater distinct from the.

piping H with exit,- the outlet end of pipe E 

